SRF2023 - List of Authors (Xiao, B.P.)

Paper	Title	Page
TUCAA02	EIC Project Overview and Related SRF Technologies
	E.F. Daly, J. Guo, R.A. Rimmer JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA Z.A. Conway, D. Holmes, Q. Wu, B.P. Xiao, W. Xu, A. Zaltsman BNL, Upton, New York, USA S.U. De Silva, J.R. Delayen ODU, Norfolk, Virginia, USA K.S. Smith Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Electron-Ion Collider, Upton, New York, USA
	Funding: This is authored by Jefferson Science Associate, LLC under U. S. DOE Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177. The Electron-Ion Collider (EIC), with a range of center-of-mass energies from 20 to 140 GeV, will enable experimental nuclear physics in the gluon-dominated regime with luminosity up to 10³⁴ cm² per second. The project chose to employ SRF technology for several accelerating and crab cavity geometries used throughout the accelerator complex to achieve the EIC¿s energy and luminosity goals. This presentation will review the current status of the EIC, the SRF technology used in the accelerator complex and current status of SRF R&D. The discussion will share EIC’s fundamental high-power coupler design & performance, high-power HOM power handling hardware, SRF elliptical and crab cavity designs and recent experimental results.
	Slides TUCAA02 [3.784 MB]
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TUPTB068	EIC 197 MHz Crab Cavity RF Optimization	584
	Z. Li SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA S.U. De Silva, J.R. Delayen ODU, Norfolk, Virginia, USA R.A. Rimmer JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA Q. Wu, B.P. Xiao, W. Xu BNL, Upton, New York, USA
	Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under U.S. DOE K No. DE-SC0012704, by Jefferson Science Associates, LLC under U.S. DOE K No. DE-SC0002769, and by DOE K No. DE-AC02-76SF00515. Crab cavities, operating at 197 MHz and 394 MHz respectively, will be used to compensate the loss of luminosity due to a 25 mrad crossing angle at the interaction point in the Electron Ion Collider (EIC). Both crab cavities are of the RF Dipole (RFD) shape. To meet the machine design requirements, there are a few important cavity design considerations that need to be addressed. First, to achieve stable cavity operation at the design voltages, cavity geometry details must be optimized to suppress potential multipacting. Incorporating strong HOM damping in the cavity design is required for the beam stability and quality. Furthermore, due to the finite pole width, the multipole fields, especially the sextupole and the decapole terms, need to be minimized to maintain an acceptable beam dynamic aperture. This paper will present the RF optimization details of the 197 MHz cavity.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-SRF2023-TUPTB068
About •	Received ※ 16 June 2023 — Revised ※ 29 June 2023 — Accepted ※ 03 July 2023 — Issue date ※ 08 July 2023
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPWB051	Development of a Prototype 197 MHz Crab Cavity for the Electron-Ion Collider at JLab	685
	N.A. Huque, E.F. Daly, E. Drachuk, J. Henry, M. Marchlik JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA A. Castilla JLAB, Newport News, USA S.U. De Silva ODU, Norfolk, Virginia, USA B.P. Xiao BNL, Upton, New York, USA
	Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (JLab) is currently developing a prototype 197 MHz Radio-Frequency Dipole (RFD) crab cavity as part of the Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) to be built at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL). Cryomodules containing these cavities will be part of Hadron Storage Ring (HSR) of the EIC. The prototype cavity is constructed primarily of formed niobium sheets of thickness 4.17 mm, with machined niobium parts used as interfaces where tight tolerancing is required. The cavity¿s large size and complex features present a number of challenges in fabrication, tuning, and RF testing. Structural and forming analyses have been carried out to optimize the design and fabricated processes. An overview of the design phase and the current state of fabrication are presented in this paper. Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Nuclear Physics under contract DE-AC05-06OR23177
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-SRF2023-WEPWB051
About •	Received ※ 17 June 2023 — Revised ※ 25 June 2023 — Accepted ※ 26 June 2023 — Issue date ※ 16 July 2023
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPWB061	Pre-Installation Performance of the RHIC 56 MHz Superconducting System	718
	Z.A. Conway, R. Anderson, J.C. Brutus, K. Hernandez, D. Holmes, K. Mernick, G. Narayan, S. Polizzo, S.K. Seberg, F. Severino, M. Sowinski, R. Than, Q. Wu, B.P. Xiao, W. Xu, A. Zaltsman BNL, Upton, New York, USA
	Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under contract No. DE-SC0012704 with the U.S. Department of Energy. Pre-installation test results for the RHIC 56 MHz superconducting RF system are presented here. The 56 MHz quarter-wave resonator achieved a stable accelerating potential of 1.1 MV with 13 W of RF loss at 4.5 K demonstrating its viability for increasing the luminosity of sPHENIX collisions. The new 120 kW travelling wave fundamental mode damper and dual 6 kW combined-function fundamental power couplers perform as expected at 3 kW but remain to be operated with the expected ~40 times greater power achievable with the RHIC sPHENIX beams.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-SRF2023-WEPWB061
About •	Received ※ 15 June 2023 — Revised ※ 26 June 2023 — Accepted ※ 02 July 2023 — Issue date ※ 17 July 2023
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

FRIBA03	Heavily Damped Crab Cavities for High Luminosity Collisions	986
	B.P. Xiao BNL, Upton, New York, USA S.U. De Silva ODU, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
	Funding: Work supported by BSA under U.S. DOE contract No. DE-SC0012704, by JSA under U.S. DOE Contract No. DE-SC0002769, and by DOE Contract No. DE-AC02-76SF00515. Next generation colliders require crab cavities to mitigate parasitic collisions caused by finite crossing angle for luminosity leveling and detector data pile up reduction. The Electron Ion Collider (EIC) crab cavity designs will be introduced as an example to fulfill the geometrical constraints, crabbing voltages, multipole components, Higher Order Mode (HOM) power and impedance budgets. Operational challenges such as tuning, high gain low delay control loop, amplitude and phase noises control will be discussed.
	Slides FRIBA03 [3.666 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-SRF2023-FRIBA03
About •	Received ※ 19 June 2023 — Revised ※ 25 June 2023 — Accepted ※ 28 June 2023 — Issue date ※ 06 July 2023
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

FRIBA04	Crab Cavities for ILC	990
	P.A. McIntosh STFC/DL/ASTeC, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom S.A. Belomestnykh, I.V. Gonin, T.N. Khabiboulline, A. Lunin, Y.M. Orlov, V.P. Yakovlev Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA G. Burt Cockcroft Institute, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom R. Calaga CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland S.U. De Silva JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA J.R. Delayen ODU, Norfolk, Virginia, USA T. Okugi, A. Yamamoto KEK, Ibaraki, Japan S. Verdú-Andrés, B.P. Xiao BNL, Upton, New York, USA
	For the 14 mrad crossing angle proposed, crab cavity systems are fundamentally anticipated for the viable operation of the International Linear Collider (ILC), in order to maximise its luminosity performance. Since 2021, a specialist development team have been defining optimum crab cavity technologies which can fulfil the operational requirements for ILC, both for its baseline centre-of-mass energy of 250 GeV, but also extending those requirements out to higher beam collision intensities. Five design teams have established crab cavity technology solutions, which have the capability to also operate up to 1 TeV centre-of-mass. This presentation showcases the key performance capabilities of these designs and their associated benefits for both manufacture and integration into the ILC Interaction Region. The recommended outcome of the recently conducted crab cavity technology down-selection, will also be highlighted.
	Slides FRIBA04 [2.526 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-SRF2023-FRIBA04
About •	Received ※ 19 June 2023 — Revised ※ 25 June 2023 — Accepted ※ 27 June 2023 — Issue date ※ 20 July 2023
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

Paper

Title

Page

TUCAA02

EIC Project Overview and Related SRF Technologies

E.F. Daly, J. Guo, R.A. Rimmer
JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
Z.A. Conway, D. Holmes, Q. Wu, B.P. Xiao, W. Xu, A. Zaltsman
BNL, Upton, New York, USA
S.U. De Silva, J.R. Delayen
ODU, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
K.S. Smith
Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Electron-Ion Collider, Upton, New York, USA

Funding: This is authored by Jefferson Science Associate, LLC under U. S. DOE Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177.
The Electron-Ion Collider (EIC), with a range of center-of-mass energies from 20 to 140 GeV, will enable experimental nuclear physics in the gluon-dominated regime with luminosity up to 10³⁴ cm² per second. The project chose to employ SRF technology for several accelerating and crab cavity geometries used throughout the accelerator complex to achieve the EIC¿s energy and luminosity goals. This presentation will review the current status of the EIC, the SRF technology used in the accelerator complex and current status of SRF R&D. The discussion will share EIC’s fundamental high-power coupler design & performance, high-power HOM power handling hardware, SRF elliptical and crab cavity designs and recent experimental results.

Slides TUCAA02 [3.784 MB]

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TUPTB068

EIC 197 MHz Crab Cavity RF Optimization

584

Z. Li
SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
S.U. De Silva, J.R. Delayen
ODU, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
R.A. Rimmer
JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
Q. Wu, B.P. Xiao, W. Xu
BNL, Upton, New York, USA

Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under U.S. DOE K No. DE-SC0012704, by Jefferson Science Associates, LLC under U.S. DOE K No. DE-SC0002769, and by DOE K No. DE-AC02-76SF00515.
Crab cavities, operating at 197 MHz and 394 MHz respectively, will be used to compensate the loss of luminosity due to a 25 mrad crossing angle at the interaction point in the Electron Ion Collider (EIC). Both crab cavities are of the RF Dipole (RFD) shape. To meet the machine design requirements, there are a few important cavity design considerations that need to be addressed. First, to achieve stable cavity operation at the design voltages, cavity geometry details must be optimized to suppress potential multipacting. Incorporating strong HOM damping in the cavity design is required for the beam stability and quality. Furthermore, due to the finite pole width, the multipole fields, especially the sextupole and the decapole terms, need to be minimized to maintain an acceptable beam dynamic aperture. This paper will present the RF optimization details of the 197 MHz cavity.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-SRF2023-TUPTB068

About •

Received ※ 16 June 2023 — Revised ※ 29 June 2023 — Accepted ※ 03 July 2023 — Issue date ※ 08 July 2023

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPWB051

Development of a Prototype 197 MHz Crab Cavity for the Electron-Ion Collider at JLab

685

N.A. Huque, E.F. Daly, E. Drachuk, J. Henry, M. Marchlik
JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
A. Castilla
JLAB, Newport News, USA
S.U. De Silva
ODU, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
B.P. Xiao
BNL, Upton, New York, USA

Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (JLab) is currently developing a prototype 197 MHz Radio-Frequency Dipole (RFD) crab cavity as part of the Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) to be built at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL). Cryomodules containing these cavities will be part of Hadron Storage Ring (HSR) of the EIC. The prototype cavity is constructed primarily of formed niobium sheets of thickness 4.17 mm, with machined niobium parts used as interfaces where tight tolerancing is required. The cavity¿s large size and complex features present a number of challenges in fabrication, tuning, and RF testing. Structural and forming analyses have been carried out to optimize the design and fabricated processes. An overview of the design phase and the current state of fabrication are presented in this paper.
Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Nuclear Physics under contract DE-AC05-06OR23177

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-SRF2023-WEPWB051

About •

Received ※ 17 June 2023 — Revised ※ 25 June 2023 — Accepted ※ 26 June 2023 — Issue date ※ 16 July 2023

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPWB061

Pre-Installation Performance of the RHIC 56 MHz Superconducting System

718

Z.A. Conway, R. Anderson, J.C. Brutus, K. Hernandez, D. Holmes, K. Mernick, G. Narayan, S. Polizzo, S.K. Seberg, F. Severino, M. Sowinski, R. Than, Q. Wu, B.P. Xiao, W. Xu, A. Zaltsman
BNL, Upton, New York, USA

Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under contract No. DE-SC0012704 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
Pre-installation test results for the RHIC 56 MHz superconducting RF system are presented here. The 56 MHz quarter-wave resonator achieved a stable accelerating potential of 1.1 MV with 13 W of RF loss at 4.5 K demonstrating its viability for increasing the luminosity of sPHENIX collisions. The new 120 kW travelling wave fundamental mode damper and dual 6 kW combined-function fundamental power couplers perform as expected at 3 kW but remain to be operated with the expected ~40 times greater power achievable with the RHIC sPHENIX beams.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-SRF2023-WEPWB061

About •

Received ※ 15 June 2023 — Revised ※ 26 June 2023 — Accepted ※ 02 July 2023 — Issue date ※ 17 July 2023

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

FRIBA03

Heavily Damped Crab Cavities for High Luminosity Collisions

986

B.P. Xiao
BNL, Upton, New York, USA
S.U. De Silva
ODU, Norfolk, Virginia, USA

Funding: Work supported by BSA under U.S. DOE contract No. DE-SC0012704, by JSA under U.S. DOE Contract No. DE-SC0002769, and by DOE Contract No. DE-AC02-76SF00515.
Next generation colliders require crab cavities to mitigate parasitic collisions caused by finite crossing angle for luminosity leveling and detector data pile up reduction. The Electron Ion Collider (EIC) crab cavity designs will be introduced as an example to fulfill the geometrical constraints, crabbing voltages, multipole components, Higher Order Mode (HOM) power and impedance budgets. Operational challenges such as tuning, high gain low delay control loop, amplitude and phase noises control will be discussed.

Slides FRIBA03 [3.666 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-SRF2023-FRIBA03

About •

Received ※ 19 June 2023 — Revised ※ 25 June 2023 — Accepted ※ 28 June 2023 — Issue date ※ 06 July 2023

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

FRIBA04

Crab Cavities for ILC

990

P.A. McIntosh
STFC/DL/ASTeC, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
S.A. Belomestnykh, I.V. Gonin, T.N. Khabiboulline, A. Lunin, Y.M. Orlov, V.P. Yakovlev
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
G. Burt
Cockcroft Institute, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
R. Calaga
CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
S.U. De Silva
JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
J.R. Delayen
ODU, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
T. Okugi, A. Yamamoto
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
S. Verdú-Andrés, B.P. Xiao
BNL, Upton, New York, USA

For the 14 mrad crossing angle proposed, crab cavity systems are fundamentally anticipated for the viable operation of the International Linear Collider (ILC), in order to maximise its luminosity performance. Since 2021, a specialist development team have been defining optimum crab cavity technologies which can fulfil the operational requirements for ILC, both for its baseline centre-of-mass energy of 250 GeV, but also extending those requirements out to higher beam collision intensities. Five design teams have established crab cavity technology solutions, which have the capability to also operate up to 1 TeV centre-of-mass. This presentation showcases the key performance capabilities of these designs and their associated benefits for both manufacture and integration into the ILC Interaction Region. The recommended outcome of the recently conducted crab cavity technology down-selection, will also be highlighted.

Slides FRIBA04 [2.526 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-SRF2023-FRIBA04

About •

Received ※ 19 June 2023 — Revised ※ 25 June 2023 — Accepted ※ 27 June 2023 — Issue date ※ 20 July 2023

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)